OrphaNet reference

Esophageal carcinoma 

May Cause

Abnormal azygoesophageal recess

Acute mediastinitis

Cardiac or pericardial neoplasm or cyst

Esophageal plaques

Esophageal ulceration

Esophagobronchial fistula

Localized narrowing of esophagus

Mediastinal abscess

Middle mediastinal lesion

Pleural effusion with disease in thorax

Pleural effusion with enlarged heart

Pneumothorax

Recurrent pneumonia

Retrocardiac lesion

Soft-tissue mediastinal mass

Solitary esophageal filling defect

Tracheal displacement

Tracheoesophageal fistula

Vocal cord paralysis or paresis

May Be Caused by

Clark-Howel-Evans-McConnell syndrome