May Cause

Gastrointestinal tract fistula

May Be Caused by

 Common

Cholecystitis

Gallstone fistula from gallbladder or bile duct

Malignant neoplasm of bile duct

Malignant neoplasm of gallbladder

Malignant neoplasm of intestine

Malignant neoplasm of pancreas

Postoperative state

 Uncommon

Common duct entry into duodenal diverticulum

Diverticulitis of duodenum or hepatic flexure of colon

External or iatrogenic trauma

Granulomatous disease of duodenum or colon

Hydatid disease

Incompetent sphincter

Liver abscess

Passage of common duct stone

Peptic ulcer perforation into biliary tract

Physiologic reflux at ampulla