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Achalasia

Esophageal achalasia, often referred to simply as achalasia, is a failure of smooth muscle fibers to relax, which can cause the lower esophageal sphincter to remain closed. Without a modifier, "achalasia" usually refers to achalasia of the esophagus. [Source: Wikipedia ]

Synonyms
Cardiospasm
May Cause
Abnormal azygoesophageal recess
Air in esophagus
Chronic aspiration pneumonia in a child
Esophageal dysfunction
Esophageal dysmotility
Esophageal lesion in a child
Functional pharyngeal disorder
Localized narrowing of esophagus
Lung abscess
Middle mediastinal lesion
Obstruction of esophagus
Paraspinal soft-tissue mass
Recurrent pneumonia
Retained material in hypopharynx
Retrocardiac lesion
Tracheal displacement
Transverse mucosal folds in the esophagus
Wide mediastinum
May Be Caused by
 Common
Idiopathic achalasia
 Uncommon
Achalasia - microcephaly
Achalasia-adrenal-alacrima syndrome
Achalasia-deafness-vitiligo syndrome
Amyloidosis
Atropine
Chagas disease
Chronic idiopathic intestinal pseudo-obstruction
Connective tissue disease
CREST syndrome
Diabetic neuropathy
Dubowitz syndrome
Esophageal leiomyomatosis
Familial achalasia
Hirschsprung disease
Hypertensive lower esophageal sphincter
Intellectual deficit - alacrima - achalasia
Nerve destruction by neoplasm
Pro-Banthine
Pseudo-achalasia
Riley-Day syndrome
Scleroderma
Stroke
Trisomy 21
Vagotomy

Copyright © 2021, Charles E. Kahn, Jr., MD, MS
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