Synonyms

Cardiospasm

May Cause

Abnormal azygoesophageal recess

Air in esophagus

Chronic aspiration pneumonia in a child

Esophageal dysfunction

Esophageal dysmotility

Esophageal lesion in a child

Functional pharyngeal disorder

Localized narrowing of esophagus

Lung abscess

Middle mediastinal lesion

Obstruction of esophagus

Paraspinal soft-tissue mass

Recurrent pneumonia

Retained material in hypopharynx

Retrocardiac lesion

Tracheal displacement

Transverse mucosal folds in the esophagus

Wide mediastinum

May Be Caused by

 Common

Idiopathic achalasia

 Uncommon

Achalasia - microcephaly

Achalasia-adrenal-alacrima syndrome

Achalasia-deafness-vitiligo syndrome

Amyloidosis

Atropine

Chagas disease

Chronic idiopathic intestinal pseudo-obstruction

Connective tissue disease

CREST syndrome

Diabetic neuropathy

Dubowitz syndrome

Esophageal leiomyomatosis

Familial achalasia

Hirschsprung disease

Hypertensive lower esophageal sphincter

Intellectual deficit - alacrima - achalasia

Nerve destruction by neoplasm

Pro-Banthine

Pseudo-achalasia

Riley-Day syndrome

Scleroderma

Stroke

Trisomy 21

Vagotomy